APERTURE
Lens opening. The opening in a camera lens through which light passes to expose the film. The size of aperture is either fixed or adjustable. Aperture size is usually calibrated in f-numbers (f-stop) – the larger the number, the smaller the lens opening. A larger f-stop requires more light to properly expose a photo.
AUTO FOCUS (AF)
A system which the camera will automatically focus on a part of an image. Most of today’s cameras have Auto focus. You can blur the background even more if you use a larger aperture and a larger focal length.
BACK LIGHTING
A light source that is usually behind the subject and towards the lens. A back light could produce a silhouette effect if the light is too harsh (like when shooting at a sunset). If there is too much back lighting, use a fill-flash to properly expose your photo.
BLOWUP
An enlargement of a photo. Make sure you shoot at the highest resolution so we can blowup the photo to a banner size later.
CROPPING
Using only a certain part of the image. Used to remove unwanted objects in a photo.
DEPTH OF FIELD
The portion of a scene that appears sharp in the image. Although a lens can precisely focus at only one distance, the decrease in sharpness is gradual on either side of the focused distance, so that within the DOF, the unsharpness is imperceptible under normal viewing conditions. Learn more about depth of field. Increase the depth of field by using a smaller aperture like f8 or f11.
EXPOSURE
The total amount of light allowed to fall on the photographic medium (photographic film or image sensor) during the process of taking a photograph. Exposure is measured in lux seconds, and can be computed from exposure value (EV) and scene luminescence over a specified area. Let more light in, so you have a normal exposure on your subject’s face.
FILL-IN FLASH
Secondary light from a lamp or reflector that illuminates shadow areas. Called “Fill flash” when the light source is a flash.To avoid silhouetting, use a fill-in flash when shooting your subject at a direct sunlight.
F-NUMBER
The f-number is the focal length divided by the “effective” aperture diameter.
The “opening” of the lens, the size of which is controlled by the iris and is measured in F numbers. Generally, the lower the F number, the larger the aperture and consequently more light can pass through the lens.To get more of the natural lighting at low light situations , I tend to use a lower f-number, higher ISO, and disable my flash.
FOCAL LENGTH
The distance from a camera lens’s focal point to its CCD imaging chips with the lens focus set to infinity. Wide angle views use short focal length; narrow field of view (telephoto) use longer focal lengths. Zoom lenses have a variable focal length. Understand more about what focal lengths.When shooting portraits, use larger focal lengths such as 70mm and above. This minimizes distortions you get when using shorter focal lengths such as with a wide angle lens.
ISO
Denotes is how sensitive the image sensor is to the amount of light present. The higher the ISO, the more sensitive the image sensor and therefore the possibility to take pictures in low-light situations.When shooting at night, increase the ISO so you can get brighter photos without compensating for shutter lag.
Here each point of light becomes a disc. Depending how a lens is corrected for spherical aberration, the disc may be uniformly illuminated, brighter near the edge, or brighter near the center. When shooting portraits, use a larger aperture to bring the background out of focus. Using this technique will make your subject to have more focus.
OVEREXPOSE
It’s when a photo has a great loss of the high light details. Pretty much when all the bright parts of a photo is all white. A good example is improper usage of a flash. Make sure to lower your flash a couple stops otherwise you will overexpose your photo.
PANNING
Refers to the horizontal movement or rotation of a still or video camera, or the scanning of a subject horizontally on video or a display device. Panning a camera results in a motion similar to that of someone shaking their head “no” or of an aircraft performing a yaw rotation. When shooting moving objects, pan the camera along where the subject is moving to.
PANORAMIC
A technique of photography, using specialised equipment or software, that captures images with elongated fields of view. It is sometimes known as wide format photography. The term has also been applied to a photograph that is cropped to a relatively wide aspect ratio. While there is no formal division between “wide-angle” and “panoramic” photography, “wide angle” normally refers to a type of lens, but this lens type does not necessarily image a panorama.
An image made with an ultra wide angle fish eye lens covering the normal film frame of 1:1.33 is not automatically considered to be a panorama. An image showing a field of view approximating, or greater than, that of the human eye – about 160° by 75° – may be termed panoramic.
UNDER EXPOSED
Make sure you have enough light to work with, otherwise you will underexpose this shot.
ZOOM
Used to express sudden fast movement or to capture the specialty of a thing or moment or beauty.
Source: http://www.arecintophotography.com
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